Jumat, 30 Desember 2011

[A584.Ebook] Fee Download Microcognition: Philosophy, Cognitive Science, and Parallel Distributed Processing (Explorations in Cognitive Science, 6), by Andy Clark

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Microcognition: Philosophy, Cognitive Science, and Parallel Distributed Processing (Explorations in Cognitive Science, 6), by Andy Clark

Parallel distributed processing is transforming the field of cognitive science. "Microcognition" provides a clear, readable guide to this emerging paradigm from a cognitive philosopher's point of view. It explains and explores the biological basis of PDP, its psychological importance, and its philosophical relevance. Starting with a survey of the assumptions and methodology of classical AI "Microcognition" proceeds to a full treatment of the PDP alternative. It describes the main properties of PDP architectures with numerous examples and it explores the tangled question of their relationship with classical work, the theoretical significance of mixed PDP and classical models, and various criticisms of the models. Biological and evolutionary perspectives are also included. Of particular philosophical interest is the author's treatment of the relation between these computational models and ordinary talk of beliefs and desires, or folk-psychology.

  • Sales Rank: #3601629 in Books
  • Published on: 1989-08
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 9.75" h x 6.75" w x 1.00" l,
  • Binding: Hardcover
  • 248 pages

Most helpful customer reviews

8 of 8 people found the following review helpful.
Balanced insight
By whywong
"Microcognition" is a wonderful book for anyone wanting to understand and cogitate the most heated issues in AI today. The book is written in 1989, so the most prominent issue is that of connectionism versus classical AI. The book gives very good introduction to both paradigms and provides the rader with lots of background material. The book is basically divided into 2 sections, 1) The Mind's-Eye View and 2) The Brain's-Eye View. The discussion is balanced and insightful, and Clark is a wonderful writer. His conclusion in short is that AI research must continue in both the "Mind's-Eye View" (classical AI) strand and the "Brain's-Eye View" (connectionism) strand for the paradigms have different aims.

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Jumat, 09 Desember 2011

[M287.Ebook] Get Free Ebook Sound It Out! Phonics in a Comprehensive Reading Program, by John Savage

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Sound It Out! Phonics in a Comprehensive Reading Program, by John Savage



Sound It Out! Phonics in a Comprehensive Reading Program, by John Savage

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Sound It Out! Phonics in a Comprehensive Reading Program, by John Savage

This reader-friendly book covers both the content of phonics and the ways in which it can be effectively integrated into a comprehensive classroom reading program. The text contains practical teaching suggestions for phonemic awareness, phonics, and spelling, presenting phonics as it relates to other components of a classroom instructional program. The fourth edition features an increased emphasis on technology as it applies to phonics instruction, along with additional focus placed on helping children who have trouble learning acquire basic phonics skills.

  • Sales Rank: #96245 in Books
  • Published on: 2010-07-29
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 9.00" h x .40" w x 7.30" l, .80 pounds
  • Binding: Paperback
  • 224 pages

About the Author
John F. Savage is Professor Emeritus at the Lynch School of Education at Boston College, where he was Coordinator of the Graduate Reading/Literacy program for 33 years. He began his career as a classroom teacher when Dick and Jane dominated the reading scene. He taught reading with a phonics/linguistic approach and was an active participant as whole language gained popularity in classroom programs. He has witnessed the ebb and flow of phonics in schools for over 40 years, and he still maintains an active role in classrooms with teachers and children. Dr. Savage’s professional writing includes five college texts in reading and language arts, including Teaching Reading and Writing: Combining Skills, Strategies, and Literature (McGraw-Hill, 1998) and For the Love of Literature: Children and Books in the Elementary Years (McGraw-Hill, 2000). He has also written scores of professional journal articles, a children’s trade book on dyslexia, and other material that ranges from magazine articles to basal stories. Most recently, he has written a comprehensive primary grade phonics program, Phonics Plus (Educators Publishing Service, 2006). A popular speaker, John Savage has conducted workshops on reading instruction all over the Unites States, in Canada, Europe, Asia, and Australia, where he was a Senior Fulbright Scholar.

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6 of 6 people found the following review helpful.
Great Resource
By Loves teaching
In my undergrad program, this was the textbook that was used to build our foundation of the various phonics elements. This is a gem of a book. Since then, I have purchased other phonics books written by many other 'experts' in the field and I have come to one conclusion. This is the best one out there. The other phonics books gives you the authors teaching strategies and what works for them. Well, as you all know... what works for one teacher and their class doesn't work for you and your class. I still refer back to this book to cement my knowledge of the multitude of phonics elements and how to teach them. I highly recommend this book to novice teachers and new teachers. I used it a lot when I was a Title I teacher in a school district. This is a great resource I plan on keeping for the rest of my teaching career. Great job Mr. Savage!

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Minggu, 04 Desember 2011

[I125.Ebook] Free Ebook A History of Diplomacy, by Jeremy Black

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A History of Diplomacy, by Jeremy Black

 

In A History of Diplomacy, historian Jeremy Black investigates how a form of courtly negotiation and information-gathering in the early modern period developed through increasing globalization into a world-shaping force in twenty-first-century politics. The monarchic systems of the sixteenth century gave way to the colonial development of European nations—which in turn were shaken by the revolutions of the eighteenth century—the rise and progression of multiple global interests led to the establishment of the modern-day international embassy system. In this detailed and engaging study of the ever-changing role of international relations, the aims, achievements, and failures of foreign diplomacy are presented along with their complete historical and cultural background.


  • Sales Rank: #2126130 in Books
  • Brand: Brand: Reaktion Books
  • Published on: 2011-07-15
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 9.00" h x .90" w x 6.00" l, 1.10 pounds
  • Binding: Paperback
  • 312 pages
Features
  • Used Book in Good Condition

Review
'An ambitious, innovative and remarkably wide-ranging survey by a historian of formidable breadth.' - BBC History Magazine 'thought-provoking and usefully targeted to the questions of today.' - TLS '[a] spirited defence of traditional diplomacy ... a history of the profession, but with an alternative focus, looking at modern diplomacy's non-Western traditions and its roots in the medieval West. It provides fascinating details along the way about the development of embassies, envoys, and give-and-take or 19th century statesmanship. It almost made me want to rejoin the trade - except in a time capsule.' - Eamon Delaney, Irish Times 'Using illuminating, sometimes fascinating examples and an easy-going style, he describes the development of embassies and the self-taught skills of their envoys all the way up to the zenith of statesmanship, the nineteenth century ... beyond merely demonstrating the forces that have shaped international relations today, Professor Black delivers a clarion call for today's diplomats to not forsake their traditional skills and functions in favour of easy sound bites.' - Diplomat magazine 'Jeremy Black's book provides a highly effective tour d'horizon of the practice of diplomacy to date, as well as indicating its future longetivity.' - International Affairs 'Jeremy Black brings together a wide ranging body of knowledge to produce a powerful defence of the traditional academic discipline of Diplomatic History. In so doing he also demonstrates the continuing importance and relevance of diplomacy in the changing conditions of the modern world.' - Professor John Clark, University of Buckingham

About the Author

Jeremy Black is professor of history at the University of Exeter. He is the author of more than eighty books, including Maps and Politics, Why Wars Happen, War since 1945, Britain since the Seventies, and Altered States: America since the Sixties, all published by Reaktion Books.

Most helpful customer reviews

6 of 9 people found the following review helpful.
incomprehensible.
By Dinah Beres
I found the sentence structure to be so convoluted as to be almost incomprehensible. Some sentences didn't make any sense at all. The extensive use of passive tense didn't help. It was far too generalized and abstract in its description of early diplomatic history.
The picture on the front is priceless: "The reception of the Diplomatique (Macartney) and his suite, at the Court of Pekin". Published in September 1792, by famous caricaturist James Gillray.
I strongly recommend "The Practice of Diplomacy, Its Evolution, theory and administration" by Kieth Hamilton and Rochasrd Langhorne. It's far easier reading, far more thorough in its coverage of the subject, has more information and is better organized.

0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Very informative, bounces around through history describing how diplomacy ...
By Thomas P. BUck
Very informative , bounces around through history describing how diplomacy works in different era's of time.

4 of 11 people found the following review helpful.
One damn embassy after another
By Sceptique500
Diplomatic practice - "the conduct of business between states by peaceful means", in Sir Ernest Satow's guide, published in 1917 - clearly refers to the means through which substance of the relations between states - diplomacy - is carried out. Diplomatic practice is a narrow field with a short sell-by date. After all, who cares about the how, after so many centuries? What one is interested in, is the "what it was all about", and how the practitioners, the diplomats, succeeded, or failed, in achieving the country's policy aims.

The title of the book is thus confusing, for it implies substance, when its subject, as stated on page 12, is the "privileged aspect of general systems of information-gathering, of representation, and of negotiation" - whatever this may mean. If in doubt, throw in the term "system" - it sounds scholarly.

Having thus stated his aim, the author sets out to refute: "Whiggish ideas of improvability and improvement" in "bureaucratic processes, notably systematization" (pg. 43). He does so by deploying a "standard chronological pattern" - and to do so he divides up the book into seven chapters. The early ones each cover 150-200 years of diplomatic practice, the last just 70 years. There is a "Conclusion: the future" section, which is just tidbits of contemporary practice thrown in for good measure.

Chronology is a lazy man's way to write history, and it leaves to the reader the task of organizing the facts as they dribble out of the time-line - drip, drop, drip. When moreover, the author jumps haphazardly from one country to the other, confusion is soon followed by boredom, and then despondency.

Eminently forgettable.

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